SEATTLE — Despite decades of efforts to alleviate poverty in Africa, high rates persist. While the overall rate of extreme poverty decreased from more than 50 percent in 1900 to 43 percent in 2012, rapid population growth during this time resulted in an increase in the number of individuals living in extreme poverty by 100 million. Why is Africa poor, and how to fix it? To address the question of why is Africa poor, and how to fix it, it is important to understand some of the main causes of poverty. War and conflict Violence caused by various conflicts is…